Context of the poem + Duffy’s intentions |
- Second last poem of anthology ⇒ little red grown up, with her own money.
- Based off beauty and the beast, a well-known, traditional fairytale – value inward characteristics such as kindness over outward appearances
- Subverts the story of Beauty and the Beast to suggest that Belle was as objectifying as any other princes ⇒ a sarcastic, satirical, gruesome and different tone to Belle
- The poem has a colloquial tone, voice is assertive, dominant
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Spicy points |
- Find a man that loves you more than you love him or prioritize yourself over any man, confidence will get you what you need
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Point |
Explanation |
Historical oppression of women |
Semantic field of famous women
- Extremely beautiful “Helen, Cleopatra, Juliet’s” “Mona Lisa’s” ⇒ list of women that Duffy hasn’t been able to deal with
- They are beautiful = intertextual reference to these legends/myths and Belle’s story as the “beauty”
- Builds up a sense of familiarity in the reader
- Builds confidence in the women, they believe they are beautiful
- Crescendo, build up to add dramatic effect
- All these females are subject to the judgements of society ⇒ DON’T follow their footsteps
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Graphic imagery
- Little mermaid
- Sibilance “slit, silver, stinking, salt” ⇒ sinister, painful nature, suffering for a man
- Contrast with “smiled, waltzed” ⇒ positive, elegant imagery
- Poor treatment from men “chuck, throw her” ⇒ like a dead body or animal, betrayal, harsh “Ch” “Thh” sounds
- Subverts the story of the Little Mermaid in a few lines, she’s sacrificed her life for a husband only to be dumped
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A nice way to end the book
- All these “legends, fairytales” ⇒ culmination of everything in Anthology, self-referential
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Belle’s way of empowerment (+ subversion of the real story) |
References to sex
- Enjambment from 1st to 2nd stanza
- “The sex / Is better” = taking control of her sexuality in an aggressive manner, also being superficial + hypocritical (a bit like LRC, Salome – using men as a means, not an end) ⇒ using men to satiate herself
- Visual pause after the “sex” to create emphasis, but the run-on line emphasizes “better” ⇒ reinforcing the idea that there is a criteria that she judges men on
- Intertextual reference “I came to the House of the Beast” unlike LRC, where the wolf draws her into the woods
- She seeks the male, she is the initiator/makes the first move ⇒ knows exactly what she wants
- Further emphasized by the contrast of “no longer a girl” and LRC’s childlike naivety
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Independence from males
- “I’ll put them straight” → take matters into my own hands, position of authority. Prominent use of personal pronouns “I” and “My”
- “My own gold” ⇒ another reference to LRC, where Gold = books in the Wolf’s lair
- Financial independence, what happens in modern-day society, feminist movement advocates for this
- Gold ⇒ rich, fairytale connotations
- “My own black horse” ⇒ parallelism of “my own” shows her autonomy, freedom, liberty to go wherever she likes. Unlike Pygmalion’s Bride ⇒ trapped
- One wrong word ⇒ could carry her off, STARK contrast with the sexual, physical and verbal abuse that the Bride feels
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Confidence
- “One false move, one dirty look.” ⇒ cautious, relentless, unforgiving, cut and dry. Control of her own destiny
- “The year of my birth” ⇒ she does not care what society thinks about her age, free/liberated from societal forces and expectations
- Rich and powerful symbol by naming the wine
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Shows what women had to endure |
Characterisation of Beast and their relationship |
Her superficiality and obsession with Beast’s sexual
- “Good” “Better” “Best” interjections with parenthesis ⇒ natural, honest, down-to-earth train of thought
- Constant assessment of him
- Here Duffy makes a point about how women are always being judged and assessed, for their looks, intelligence, motherhood
- It is more important that he has a large sexual organ than his personality and relationship with her
- Put a man in the shoes of a woman ⇒ is this a world that Duffy would like to see?
- 1. Shows how men are superficial
- 2. Idealizes a matriarchal society
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Beast’s subservience
- “Stripped of his shirt” ⇒ forcibly, active verb, out of control, aggressive and non-consensual nature
- Muslin – innocent, light, soft clothing which is paradoxical to the harsh “Strip” action
- “Do this. Harder. Do that. Faster” ⇒ imperatives, choppy, short syntax through caesura, shows her dominance, assertiveness, confidence, instructiveness, all for herself, her own pleasure, irregardless of how Beast feels
- Completely lost his dignity when he uses “tongue to scour” her toes = servant
- MASOCHISTIC nature of Belle “scratch back till it bled” ⇒ she’s not feminine at all, not over sensitive or fragile, she’s exactly like a man
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Animalistic presentation of the Beast
- “Breath of a goat”
- “Snout and trotters”
- Unimportant, objectified, piece of meat to be enjoyed, captive animal (a pet!)
- “Dog, donkey, dragon” ⇒ alliteration of d, clumsy, unrefined sounds, untamed
- Triplet to reiterate how he is incomprehensible, unintelligent, of low status
- Dogs are domestic, obedient, submissive
- Primitive
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Post-40 line content
- Defies social norms about who to marry
- Suffering of women who were unable to win, like Ashbuttle, Princess Diana ⇒ don’t follow in their footsteps, learn a lesson ⇒ loved with everything and ended up hurt ⇒ shift from female strength to sadness (broken heart) ⇒ last line is an image of isolation, it’s quite tragic
- Women coming together, free of influence from men, gambling…?
- Let the less loving one be me ⇒ encapsulate how she has reversed gender roles all the while undermining and oppressing men as a means of revenge.
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